Dispute Resolution

The general limitation period is three years, running from the date the right holder knows or should know of the damage and the obligor. It is interrupted and restarts when the right holder files suit, demands performance, or the obligor agrees to perform. Keep written or electronic proof that each demand was delivered.

Arbitration requires a written arbitration agreement, produces a final award, and is private and procedurally flexible. Litigation allows one appeal and has broader reach. Where a contract contains an arbitration clause, disputes generally go to arbitration. Consider confidentiality, place of enforcement, the counterparty's location, amount in dispute and timing, and settle the forum when signing the contract.

You may apply to the court for property preservation to freeze, seal up or seize assets. Pre-action preservation is available in urgent cases and requires security from the applicant; for preservation during proceedings the court decides whether security is needed. Insurance guarantees are commonly used as security. The application needs concrete asset leads and a stated amount.

Apply to the competent court for enforcement within two years from the last day of the performance period set in the judgment. Enforcement tools include asset investigation, restrictions on high consumption, and listing as a dishonest judgment debtor. Where the debtor is insolvent, bankruptcy proceedings may also be assessed.